NETSCAPE - Europe and the Evolving World City Network

This paper focuses on the interdependencies between firms and spatial networks (nodes and linkages) at different European spatial scales. The paper is structured into two parts: (1) Conceptualization; (2) Empirical Analysis. Part (1) consists of three chapters conceptualizing various scales of city-firm networks. The first concerns the macro scale, discussing the development of specific networks within the globalization process. The second analyses the mezzo level of European networks and their national to supranational transformation. On the micro level Rotterdam's internal and external network is conceptualized. Part (2) empirically reveals the European city-firm network at mezzo and micro scales, based on datasets including the top 100 EU multinationals, their affilates/subsidiaries and the city locations of all these firms. Chapter one analyses the mezzo scale, showing various hierarchies of city-firm interdependencies, for the sectors of manufacturing, trade, information, public services and basic materials. The second chapter analyses the relative position of Rotterdam within this interscalar network, by specifically investigating its internal and external city-firm networks. From this Rotterdam's existing strengths and weakenesses, and possible future implications are determined.

Kolaps ribarstva na Dojranskom jezeru – razlozi i perspektive

U radu je prikazano stanje ribarstva na Dojranskom jezeru, starom vodenom basenu na granici Republike Makedonije i Grčke. Pored statističkih podataka o komercijalnom ulovu od 1946. predstavljena je i njihova komparativna analiza koja pokazuje da se sastav riblje zajednice Dojranskog jezera drastično promenio. Godišnji ulov ribe u poslednje dve dekade pokazuje trend neprekidnog opadanja što se odrazilo na sastav vrsta u ulovu. Opada ulov vrsta C. carpio, S. glanis i P. fluviatilis, dok ulov vrste C. gibelio pokazuje snažan trend rasta posle njene introdukcije. Analizirani su statistički podaci o ulovu ribe od 1946. i upoređeni su sa podacima o nivou vode u jezeru od 1951. Uočene su brojne činjenice koje dovode u vezu količinu vode u jezeru i izlov ribe i pritom ukazuju da sadašnji nivo vode u jezeru može usloviti prekid komercijalnog ribolova. Promenjiv nivo vode u jezeru ubrzava proces eutrofikacije što se negativno odražava na kvalitet vode

The predictive value of trauma-related coping self-efficacy for posttraumatic stress symptoms:Differences between treatment seeking and non-treatment seeking victims

Objective: To assess and compare the (independent) predictive value of trauma-related coping selfefficacy (CSE) for posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) among a treatment sample and a comparison group of nontreatment seeking victims. Method: Both the treatment (N 54) and comparison group (N 144) were exposed to potentially traumatic events (PTEs), experienced a heightened level of PTSS (IES 19), and were matched on work status and time between PTE and first measurement (T1).Respondents completed both baseline (T1) and follow-up measures (T2) approximately 8 months after T1. Results: Multiple regression analyses among the treatment sample showed that neither PTSS at T1 (start of treatment) nor CSE levels at T1 predicted PTSS at T2 among the treatment group. Among the comparison group, higher CSE levels at T1 and younger age were significantly associated with lower PTSS at T2. In both the treatment group and the comparison group PTSS levels were significantly lower at T2 than at T1. As expected, treatment seeking victims have higher PTSS and lower CSE levels than nontreatment seeking victims. Conclusions: Pretreatment CSE did not affect recovery during treatment: higher pretreatment CSE perceptions do not give treated individuals an advantage while CSE is predictive of PTSS among untreated victims

Water and spatial development: the implementation of the Water Framework Directive in the Netherlands

This paper discusses how water managers and spatial planners could co-operate on local level in combination with the implementation of the Water Framework Directive and the Birds and Habitats Directives in the Netherlands. Recent evaluations of the European Commission show that implementation of environmental directives prove to be a challenging task for the responsible authorities. Studies show that legal and procedural aspects of planning and decision making gain the most attention at the EU level, the formal side, while environmental goals are fading into the background, especially on the EU level. The difficulties that arise in the implementation process on a local and regional level are discussed combined with the integration of both directives from policy and practice. The local co-operation between water managers and spatial planners depends heavily on its basic element: competing interests. Aspects that shape this cooperation and define its effectiveness are: language (discipline related jargon), contracts, trust, personal competence, policy tuning & policy instruments, institutional innovations, instrumental innovations and mental innovations. These aspects will be discussed based on two case studies with water management and spatial planning aspects. This local co-operation is mainly informal of character.Land Use Planning, Wageningen University, The Netherlands